Flexibility@work 2014

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cały Raport Flexibilty_at_work_2014
Abstrakt:
It is widely recognized that the undeclared economy is prevalent in many global regions. In fact, out of a global working population of some 3 billion, almost two-thirds (some 1.8 billion) work in the undeclared economy. It is also generally acknowledged that the undeclared economy lowers the quality of work and working conditions, undermines the business environment through unfair competition, and puts at risk the financial sustainability of social protection systems. Clearly, therefore, undeclared activities should not merely be discouraged, but should rather be transformed into regular work.
As to what causes undeclared work, there are two perspectives. On the one hand, the liberal, open-market perspective argues that the undeclared economy is a direct result of high taxes, state corruption and burdensome regulations and controls. On the other hand, there is the ‘structuralist’ perspective, which argues that undeclared work is the by-product of inefficient regulation, combined with a lack of labor market intervention and social protection.
This study – conducted by the University of Sheffield and Regioplan Policy Research – reveals that countries with a smaller undeclared economy are those in which it is easier for companies to resort to temporary employment opportunities to meet labor demands and in which, at the same time, there is greater intervention (in the form
of labor market policies that protect and support vulnerable groups of workers). By creating the right environment these relatively successful economies reduce the supply and demand of undeclared work by providing both workers and employers with better alternatives.